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比尔盖茨
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中 英 文 演 讲 稿 ：
Stanford University 。( 斯坦福大学 ) BILL GATES: Congratulations, class of 2014!
比尔-; 盖茨：
2014 届毕业生，祝贺你们顺利毕业(Cheers) 。( 欢呼) Melinda and I are excited to be here. It would be a thrill
for anyone to be invited to speak at a Stanford commencement, but it"s especially gratifying for us. Stanford is rapidly becoming the favorite university for membersof
our family, and it"s long been a favorite university for Microsoft and our foundation 。
我和梅琳达怀着激动的心情与你们欢聚在此共贺毕业。
能 受 邀 到 斯坦福大学学位授予典礼上做演讲是一件让人激动的事， 对我们而言， 这尤为荣幸。
斯坦福大学正日渐成为我们家庭成员最喜爱的大学。
而长久以来，斯坦福也是微软以及比尔与梅琳达基金会最喜爱的一所大 学。‛
Our formula has been to get the smartest, most creative
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people
working
on the most important problems. It turns out that a disproportionate number of those people are at Stanford. (Cheers) 。
我们一直致力于让最聪颖有创造力的人攻克最为重要的问题。
结果证明，一大部分这样的人才都来自于斯坦福校园。
( 欢呼) Right
now,
we
have
more
than 30 foundation research projects underway here. When we want to learn more about the immune system to help cure the worst diseases, we work with
Stanford. Whenwe want to understand the changing landscape of higher education in
the United
States,
so that more low-income students get college degrees, we work with Stanford. This is where genius lives 。
如今，我们在这里进行着 30 多个研究项目。当我们想要通过对免疫系统的研究来寻找治愈世界上最可怕疾病的方法， 我们需要斯坦福。当我们需要通过对美国高等教育的研究来帮助低收入学生上大学
时，我们亦需要斯坦福。这便是人才的摇篮。
There"s a flexibility of
mind here, an openness to change, an eagerness for what"s new. This is where people come to discover the future, and have fun doing it 。
在这里， 有着灵活的思维， 对于改变的开放态度以及对新鲜事物的渴求。在这里，人们善于发现新事物，并乐享这份经历。
MELINDA GATES: Now, some people call you all nerds and we
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hear
that
you claim that
label with
pride. (Cheers and Applause) 。梅琳达• 盖茨：当下，一些人用书呆子这样词语称呼你们， 而我们听说你们正为这个称呼而倍感骄傲。
( 欢呼和掌声 )
BILL GATES: Well, so do we. (Cheers and Applause) 。比尔盖茨：嗯，我们与你们同在。
( 欢呼和掌声 ) BILL GATES: My normal glasses really aren"t all that
different. (Laughter) 。
比尔盖茨：我的这副普通眼镜也没多大差异嘛。
( 笑声)
There are so many remarkable things going on here at this campus, but if Melinda and I had to put into one word what we love most about Stanford, it"s the optimism 。
There"s an infectious feeling here that innovation can solve almost every problem.That"s the belief that drove me in 1975 to leave a college in the suburbs of Boston and go on an endless leave of absence 。(Laughter) 。
在这所校园中， 每时每刻都有非凡的事件发生， 但如果要我和梅琳达用一个词来表达对斯坦福的挚爱， 那便是‚乐观‛。
这是一种极富感染力的乐观精神， 那便是，所有的问题在创新之下都能迎刃而解。这便是驱使我在 1975 年离开波士顿郊区的大学，并永远辍学的一个动力。
( 笑声) I believed that the magic of computers and software would empowerpeople everywhere and make the world much, muchbetter 。
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当时的我相信计算机和软件的魔力能够赋予全世界人民以力量， 并能够让这个世界变得更加美好。
It"s been 40 years since then, and 20 years since Melinda
and I were married.We are both more optimistic now than ever.
But on our journey, our optimism evolved 。
据那时算起， 已有 40 年之久，我和梅琳达喜结连理也有 20 年之远了。这些年间，
我们都比过去更为乐观开朗，但是在这些人生之旅中，我们的乐观也实现了进化。
We would like to tell you what we learned and talk to you today about how your optimism and ours can do more for more people.When Paul Allen and I started Microsoft, we wanted to bring the power of computers and software to the people, and that was the kind of rhetoric we used.One of the pioneering books in the field had a raised fist on the cover, and it was called "Computer Lib." 我们今天很想与大家分享我们所学到的一切， 并和你们聊聊我们
的和你们的乐观精神怎样为更多的人服务。
当初和保罗创立微软之时， 我们的目标是把计算机和软件的力量普及到普通大众， 这便是我们当时的说法。
在早期的一本书上的封面有一个上扬的拳头，
他们称之为 《计算机解放》。
At that time, only big businesses could buy computers.We
wanted to offer the
samepower to regular people and democratize
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computing 。
在那个时候， 只有大企业才能购置计算机。
我们想让这种计算机设备普及到社会大众并让计算机民主化。
By the 1990s, we saw how profoundly personal computers
could
empowerpeople, but that success created a new dilemma.If rich kids got computers and poor kids didn"t, then technology would makeinequality worse.That
ran
counter
to
our core belief 。在上个世纪 90 年代，我们目睹了个人电脑对人们的巨大效用， 但是这种成功同时造成了新的困局。
如果富人的孩子拥有计算机而穷人的孩子却不能时， 这种科技会加剧不平等。
而这与我们的核心理念相抵触。
Technology should benefit everyone 。科技应当惠及万众。
So we worked to close the digital divide. I made it a
priority at Microsoft, and Melinda and I made it an early priority at our Foundation. Donating personal computers to public libraries to make sure that everyone had access 。
因此我们应当努力缩小这种差距。
我将它定位为微软的首要任务， 也是我和梅琳达在建立基金会之初的首要任务。
为公众图书馆捐献个人电脑从而确保人人都能有机会使用。
The digital divide was a focus of mine in 1997, when I
took my first trip to South Africa. I went there on business so I
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spent most of my time in meetings in downtown Johannesburg. I
stayed
in
the
homeof
one of the richest families in South Africa
。当我在 1997 年首次出访南非时，我便开始关注‚数码鸿沟‛。
因公事出差的我将大部分时间都花费在约翰内斯堡的市区开会中。
当时我住在南非最富裕的一户家庭中。
It had only been three years since the election of Nelson
Mandela marked the
end of
apartheid. WhenI
sat down for
dinner with
myhosts, they
used a bell to call
the butler. After dinner, the
womenand menseparated
and the mensmokedcigars. I thought, good thing I read Jane Austen, or I wouldn"t have known what was going on. (Laughter) 。
那时距离尼尔森
•
曼德拉上台，并结束种族隔离只有 3 年。当我同主人共进晚餐时，他们使用铃铛来使唤管家。在晚饭后，男女 相互分开而男人们开始抽雪茄。
当时我想， 幸好我读过简 • 奥斯汀的书否则我就不知道发生了什么。
( 笑声) But the next day
I went
to Soweto, the poor township southwest of Johannesburg, that had been the center of the anti-apartheid movement. It was a short distance from the city
into
the township, but
the
entry
was sudden, jarring and harsh 。但在第二天我去了索韦托，
约翰内斯堡西南的一个贫穷小镇， 那 里曾经是反种族隔离的中心。尽管从约翰内斯堡到索韦托路程不长， 但从进入索韦托的那一刻起，一切都令人无比震惊。
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I
passed into a world
completely unlike the one I camefrom.
My visit to Soweto became an early lesson in how naive I was.
Microsoft was donating computers and software to a community
center there. The kind of thing we did in the United States
。我觉得我来到了一个和我所来自的地方截然不同的世界。
索韦托 之行让我很早便意识到自己竟是如此天真。
微软向那里的一个社区中心捐赠计算机和软件。和我们在美国所做的一切相同。
But it became clear to
me, very
quickly, that this was not
the United States 。
但是我很快明白了，这里并不是美国。
I had seen statistics on poverty, but I had never really seen poverty.The people there lived in corrugated tin shacks with no electricity, no water, no toilets. Most people didn"t wear shoes. They walked barefoot along the streets, except there were no streets, just ruts in the mud 。
我曾经阅览过有关贫穷的调查数据， 但是却未曾目睹过贫穷。
那里的人们住在用铁皮搭成的简陋棚户里，没有电，没有自来水，也没
有厕所。人们几乎不穿鞋，赤脚行走。或者可以说根本没有街道，只
是一些坑洼的泥土路。
The community center had no consistent source of power. So they rigged up an extension cord that ran 200 feet from the center to
the
diesel generator outside. Looking
at
this setup,
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I knew the minute the reporters left, the generator would get
moved to a
more urgent task. And the people who used the community center would go back to worrying about challenges that couldn"t be solved by a personal computer 。
由于社区中心没有持续供电的设施，
所以他们安装了一根延长线连接到 200 英尺以外的柴油发电机上。
看过了这些装置， 我明白了一旦记者离开后， 发电机将会被运用到更紧迫的任务上。
使用社区中心的人们也会因此而离开，为电脑所不能解决的问题而担忧。
WhenI
gave my prepared
remarks
to
the
press, I said Soweto is a milestone. There are major decisions ahead about whether technology will leave the developing world behind. This is to close the gap 。
当我向媒体道出已准备好的发言时， 我谈到索韦托的经历对我而言是一个里程碑， 我们所面临的重大决定是科技是否会让发展中国家落后。这也便是要缩小差距。
But as
I read those words, I knew they weren"t super relevant. What I didn"t say
was,
by the way, we"re not focused on the fact that half a million people on this continent are dying every year from malaria. But we are sure as hell going
to bring you computers 。
但当我说出这些词时， 我发现他们并不是如此相关。
我没有说的是，‚顺便说一下，我们并没有注意到这个大洲上每年都会有 50 万
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人死于疟疾的事实。
‛但我们还是万分确信我们会为他们带来计算机。
Before I went to Soweto, I thought I understood the world"s problems but I was blind to many of the most important ones. I was so taken aback by what I saw that I had to ask myself, did I still believe that innovation could solve the world"s toughest problems? I promised myself that before I came back to
Africa, I
would find out more about what keeps people
poor 。在我去索韦托之前，
我认为自己很理解这个世界存在的问题， 可 那时我才明白我忽视了最重要的问题， 我不停问自己‘你还认为创新能解决世界上最棘手的问题吗 ?’我向自己保证，在重回非洲之前， 会找到更多让人们贫穷的原因。
Over the years, Melinda and I did learn more about the
pressing needs of the poor 。
数年来，我和梅琳达确实发现了穷人们的当务之需。
Ona later trip to
South Africa, I
paid
a visit to a hospital for patients with MDR-TB, multi-drug resistant tuberculosis, a disease with a cure rate of under 50%. I rememberthat hospital
as a place of despair 。
在后来一次到南非的时候， 我去了一家住有很多抗药性肺结核患者和耐多药结核病患者的医院，这是一种治愈率不到 50%的顽疾。我还记得那个充满绝望的地方。
It was a giant open ward,
with a sea of patients shuffling
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around in
pajamas,
wearing
masks. There
was
one floor just for children, including somebabies
lying in bed. They had a little school for kids who were well enough to learn, but many of the children couldn"t makeit, and the hospital didn"t seemto know
whether it was worth it to keep the school open 。
在一个巨大的开放性病房里， 住着很多很多病人， 他们穿着睡衣， 带着口罩，慢慢挪动着。有一层楼是专为孩童开设的，其中包括还在
卧床的婴儿们。
医院中也为适龄儿童设有小学校， 但是大多数孩子都无法战胜病魔踏入学堂，
因此医院似乎并不确信是否有必要开设这所学校。
I talked to a patient there in her early 30s. She had been
a worker at a TB hospital when she came down with a cough. She went to a doctor and he told her said she had drug-resistant TB.
She was later diagnosed
with
AIDS. She wasn"t going to live much longer, but there were plenty of MDR patients waiting to take her bed when she vacated it. This was hell with a waiting
list 。
我同一位
30 多岁的病人做了交谈，并了解到她曾肺结核医院的一名职工，因为咳嗽而病倒。她看了医生，医生告诉她患上了耐药性
结核病，在后来也被诊断患有艾滋。她活不了过久了，但有很多耐多
药结核病患者却‚觊觎‛着她即将空出的床位。
这是一个有很多候场病人的地狱。
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But seeing this
hell didn"t reduce my
optimism. It channeled
it. I
got
into
the
car
as I
left and I
told
the doctor we were working
with
I
know MDR-TBis
hard to
cure, but we must do something
for these people.
And, in
fact, this year, we are entering phase three with the new TB drug regime for patients who respond, instead of a 50% cure rate after 18 months for $2,000,
we get
an 80%cure rate
after six
months for under $100. (Applause) 。
但是目睹了这个地域并不能减少我的乐观心态， 相反，它指导着乐观的前行。在我们离开时，我在车里跟与我们同行的医生说，我虽
然知道耐多药结核病是一种顽疾，但我们必须为这些人做一些实事。
实际上，在今年，
我们进入了新结核药物研发的第三阶段，对于那些病人而言，他们不再需为 18 个月 50%的治愈率而花费 2000 美元，我们的新药物花费不超 100 美元便能在 6 个月后实现 80%的治愈率。( 掌声) Optimism is
often
dismissed as false hope. But there is also false hopelessness. That"s the attitude that says we can"t defeat poverty and disease. We absolutely can 。
乐观常被视为错误的希望。
但是错误的无望也存在于世， 那就是我们无法击败贫困和疾病的态度。但我们却能够做到。
MELINDAGATES:Bill called methat day after he visited the TB hospital and normally if one of us is on an international
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trip, we will go through our agenda for the day and who we met
and where we have been. But this call was different 。
在比尔去过结核病医院后， 他曾给我致电。
( 因为) 惯例上当我们其中一个出国的话，
我们都会聊聊这天我们遇到的人和我们去过的地方。但是这番电话有些特别。
Bill said
to me, Melinda, I
have been somewherethat I have never been before. And then
he
choked up and he couldn"t go on. And he finally just
said, I
will tell you more when I get home. And I knew what he was going through because when you see people with so little hope, it breaks your heart 。
比尔说，梅琳达，我 ( 今天) 去了一个我之前从未去过的地方。然后他哽咽地说不出话了。他最后只是说，等我回来了再详细告诉你。
( 其实) 我知道他经历了什么，
因为当你看到濒临绝望的人们， 他会让你十分悲痛。
But if you want to do the most, you have to
go see the
worst, and I"ve
had days like
that
too.
About ten
years
ago,
I
traveled with a group of friends to India. And on last day I was there, I had a meeting with a group of prostitutes and I expected to talk to them about the risk of AIDS that they were facing, but what they wanted to talk to me about was stigma 。
但是如果你想做得更多， 你必须要看到最坏的情况， 我也经历过那些日子。大概十年前，我和一群朋友去印度旅游。在我临走的那一
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天，我和一群妓女进行了交谈， 我希望跟她们讲她们所面对得艾滋病的风险，但是她们想跟我聊的只是 ( 作为妓女的 ) 耻辱。
Many of these women had been abandoned by their husbands.
That"s why they
even went into prostitution. They wanted to be able to feed their children. They were so low in the eyes of society that they could be raped and robbed and beaten by anyone,
even the police, and nobody cared 。
这当中的很多人都是被她们的丈夫所抛弃。
这就是为什么她们去卖淫的原因。她们想养活自己的孩子。
他们在社会的眼中是如此卑微， 以致于她们可以被任何人甚至是警察强奸，抢劫，甚至挨揍，
( 而) 根本没有人会在意 ( 她们) Talking to
them about their lives was so moving to me, but what I remember most was how much they wanted to be touched. They wanted to touch me and to be touched by them. It was if physical contact somehow proved their worth. And so before I left, we linked arms hand in hand and did a photo together 。
聊起她们的生活让我感触至深。
但是我印象最深的就是她们多么想接触他人。
她们希望触摸我，
也希望让我能去触碰她们也许是通过这种身体上的触碰证明了她们存在的价值。
所以当我离开之前， 我们肩并肩，手牵手，一起照了相。
Later that same day, I spent some time in India in a home for the dying. I walked into a large hall and I saw rows and
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rows of cot and every cot was attended to except for one, that
was far off in the corner. And so I decided to go over there 。之后在那天，我去了印度的一个弥留者的家中。我走进大厅，我 看见一排排的床，除了远在角落的一张床，每张床都有人在照顾。所以我决定过去看看。
The patient who was in this room was a woman in her 30s.
And I remember her eyes. She had these huge, brown, sorrowful
eyes. She was
emaciated
and
on
the
verge
of
death.
Her intestines
were not
holding
anything
and so the
workers
had they put a pan under her bed, and cut a hole in the bottom of the bed and everything in her was just pouring out into that pan. And I could tell that she had AIDS. Both in the way she looked and the fact that she was off in this corner alone 。
这位病人是一个 30 岁左右的妇女。我还记得她的眼睛的样子。她有着大而悲伤的棕色的眼睛。
当时的她如此憔悴并且徘徊在死亡的边缘。她的肠道里什么东西也盛不下， 所以那里的工作人员就在她的床下放了一个盘子， 然后在床的底部开了个洞， 这样一切东西就能倾泻到那个盘子中。我看得出她得了艾滋病。不仅可以从她的外表，而
且也可以从她独自在这个角落中看出来。
The stigma of AIDS is vicious, especially for women. And the punishment is abandonment. When I arrived at her cot, I suddenly
felt completely and totally helpless. I had absolutely
精品文档 15
nothing I could offer this woman. I knew I couldn"t save her.
But I
didn"t want
her
to be alone. So I
knelt down with her and I put my hand out and she reached for my hand and grabbed it and she wouldn"t let it go. I didn"t speak her language and I couldn"t think of what I should say to her. And finally I just said
to
her, it"s going
to
be okay.
It"s going to be okay. It"s
not your fault 。
得艾滋病令人声名狼藉，
特别是对女性。
并且得病的惩罚就是被抛弃。当我走进她床边时，
我突然感觉彻底的无力和无助感。我无能为力实施帮助。我知道我不能救活她。但是我不想让她独自一人 ( 死去) 。所以我跪下来然后伸出手， 她摸到我的手然后就抓住， 不松开。我不会说她们的语言而且我也不知道我能对她说什么。
最后我只是对她说，一切都会好起来的。一切都会好起来的。这不是你的错。
And after I had been with her for sometime, she started pointing to the roof top. She clearly wanted to go up and I realized the sun was going down and what she wanted to do was go up on the
roof top
and see the
sunset. So the workers in this homefor the dying were very busy and I
said
to
them,
you know,
can we take her up
on the
roof top? No.
No. Wehave to pass out medicines. So I waited that for that to happen and I asked another
worker
and they said, No no no, we are too busy. Wecan"t get her up there. And so finally I just scooped this woman up
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in my arms 。
在我陪着她待了一会之后， 她的手指向了屋顶。
很显然她很想上屋顶，而我发现太阳快要落山了，
所以她想做的就是等上屋顶并且看日落。那时房子里的工作人员非常忙碌，然后我对他们说，我们能不
能把她抬到屋顶上
?不行。我们现在必须要分派药物。所以我就等着他们分派药物，然后我又问了另外的工作人员，他们说不行，我们太
忙了。我们不能抬她上去。所以，最后我就把她抱在了怀中。
She was nothing more than skin over bones and I took her
up on the roof top, and I
found
one of
those
plastic
chairs
that blows over in a light breeze. I put her there, sat her down, put a blanket over her legs and she sat there facing to the west, watching the
sunset.
The workers
knew -- I
made sure they knew
that she was up there so that they would bring her down later that evening after the sun went down and then I had to leave 。她不过是骨瘦如柴， 我就抱着她上了屋顶。
找到了一个在微风的 吹拂下响着的破旧不堪塑料凳。
我把她放在椅子上， 拿一个毛毯盖住她的腿，然后她就坐在那里望向西边，看着日落。工作人员知道她在
屋顶上， 我确保他们知道并且会在日落以后把她带下来。
而不久后我就要离开。
But she
never left me.
I felt completely and totally inadequate in the face of this woman"s death. But sometimes, it"s the people that you can"t help that inspire you the most 。
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但是她从未离开过我。
我感到彻底的无力去面对这位妇女的死亡。但是有时，就正是这些你不能帮助的人群给了你最大的激励。
I
knew that those
sex
workers
I
had met in
the
morning could
be the
womanthat I
carried upstairs later that evening. Unless
we found a way to defy the stigma that hung over their lives 。我知道早上我碰到的那些性工作者将来可能就会是那天夜晚我 抱上屋顶妇女的样子。
除非我们找到一个方法来对抗这个羁绊她们一生的耻辱。
Over the past ten years, our Foundation has helped sex
workers
build support groups
so they
could
empowerone another to speak up and demand safe sex and that their clients use condoms. Their
brave efforts have helped to keep HIV prevalence low among sex workers and a lot of studies show that"s the big reason why the AIDS epidemic has not exploded in India 。过去的十年中，我们的基金已经帮助性工作者建立了支持小组， 那样她们可以互相协助，要求安全的性行为，让客户就使用安全套。
正是因为性服务者们勇敢的努力保持了性工作者的低 HIV 感染率，并且很多研究表明这就是为什么印度没有大范围地爆发艾滋病的一个 重要原因。
Whenthese sex workers gathered together to help stop AIDS transmission, something unexpected and wonderful happened. The community they formed becamea platform for everything. Police
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and others who raped and robbed them couldn"t get away with
it anymore.
The womenset
up systems
to
encourage
savings
for one another
and with those
savings, they were able to leave sex work. This
was all done by people
that
society considered the lowest of the low 。
如果这些性工作者一起帮助阻止艾滋病的传播， 就会发生意想不到的好事。她们形成的这个社区成为了一个任何事互相协助的平台。
警察和其他任何强奸或者抢劫她们的人都不可能无法无天。
妇女们组建起了互相鼓励储蓄财产的系统， 这样有了足够的储蓄， 她们就可以离开性服务行业。
这就是那些在社会上被视作底层中的最下等人做的事情。
Optimism,
for
me, is
not
a passive
expectation
that
things are
going
to
get
better.
For
me, it"s
a
conviction
and a belief that we can makethings better. So no matter how much suffering we see, no matter
how bad it
is,
we can help
people
if
we don"t lose hope help and if we don"t look away. (Applause) 。
对我而言，乐观并非消极地期待事情会变好而是一种相信事情会 做的更好的确信和信念。
因此不管我们目睹了怎样的痛苦， 不管事态如何糟糕， 如果我们没有失去希望不转头而去，
那么我们便能伸出援手。( 掌声) BILL GATES: Melinda and I have described some devastating scenes, but we want to make the strongest case we can for the
精品文档 19
power of optimism. Even in dire situations, optimism fuels
innovation and leads
to
new approaches that
eliminate suffering. But if you never really see the
people
that are suffering, your optimism can"t help them. You will never change their world. And that brings me to what I see is a paradox 。
比尔盖茨：
我和梅琳达描述了几个最为在男性的画面， 但是我们还是要尽量强调乐观的力量。
即使是在绝境之中， 乐观也会加速创新， 产生新的避免痛苦的方法。
但是如果你从未看过那些痛苦折磨着的人时，你的乐观也将无能为力。你也将不会改变他们的世界。这让我想
到了我眼中的一个悖论。
The modern world
is an incredible source
of
innovation and Stanford stands
at
the
center of
that,
creating new companies, new schools
of
thought, prize-winning professors,
inspired art and literature, miracle
drugs,
and amazing graduates. Whether you are a scientist with a new discovery, or working in the trenches to
understand
the
needs of
the most marginalized, you are advancing amazing breakthroughs in what human beings can do for each other 。
现代社会拥有无与伦比的创新精神， 而斯坦福大学正处在创新的核心。斯坦福孕育了许许多多的新公司，有思想的学校，硕果累累的
教授，富有灵感的艺术文化， 创新的软件，药品，还有优秀的毕业生。无论你是收获新发现的科学家， 还是在深沟中了解社会最边缘人的需
精品文档 20
求，你都在为人类相互间的协作做出惊人的突破。
At the sametime, if you ask people across the
United
States is the future going to be better than the past, most say no. Mykids
will be worse off than
I
am. They think innovation won"t
make the world better for them or their children 。
同时，如果你问全美国的人 ---- 未来回避过去更好吗 ?大部分人会说不， 我的孩子不如我优秀。
他们认为创新不会让自己或孩子的世界更好。
So who is
right? The people
who say innovation will create new possibilities and make the world
better?
Or the people who see a trend toward
inequality and a decline in
opportunity and don"t think innovation will change that? 那么谁是对的
?是那些说创新产生新机遇让世界更好的人么 ?还是那些目睹不平衡的趋势，
目睹机遇减少且不指望创新带来改变的人呢? The pessimists are wrong, in myview. But they are not crazy.
If innovation is purely market driven, and we don"t focus on
the
big
inequities, then we could have amazing advances and in inventions that leave the world even more divided. We won"t improve cure public schools, we won"t cure malaria, we won"t
end poverty. Wewon"t
develop the innovations poor farmers need to grow food in a changing climate 。
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在我看来，悲观者是错误的。但是他们并不疯狂。如果创新仅凭市场驱动， 我们都不关注不公正现象， 那么我们的重大发明将令世界的两极分化更加严重。我们不会改善公立学校，我们不会治愈疟疾， 更不会终止贫穷。
我们不会研发出让贫困农民在气候变化中也能种出植物的发明。
If our optimism doesn"t address the problems that affect
so manyof
our fellow humanbeings, then our optimism needs more empathy. If empathy channels our optimism, we will see the poverty and the disease and the poor schools. We will answer
with our innovations and we will surprise the pessimists 。如果我们的乐观无法用来解决那些影响许许多多同胞的问题，
那 么这种乐观主义还需要融入更多的移情元素。
如果我们能在乐观中融入同情，我们就能解决贫困，疾病以及教育匮乏的问题。我们会以创 新作答，并震惊那些悲观主义者。
Over the next generation, you, Stanford graduates, will lead a new wave of innovation. Which problems will you decide to solve? If your world is wide, you can create the future we all want. If your world is narrow, you may create the future
the pessimists fear 。
在下一代中，你们，这些斯坦福毕业生， 将开启一波创新的新潮。你们会决定解决哪些问题呢 ?如果你的世界很宽，那么就能创造出我们理想的未来。如果你的世界很狭隘，就会造出悲观者恐惧的未来。
精品文档 22
I
started learning
in Soweto,
that
if
we are
going to
make our optimism matter to everyone, and empower people everyone, we have to see the lives of those most in need. If we have optimism, without empathy, then it doesn"t matter how much we master the secrets of science 。
正如我在索维托所学到的， 如果我们要让自己的乐观影响所有人， 并赋予他们力量， 我们就要看到他们最紧迫的需求。
如果我们的乐观没有融入同情，那么我们掌握多少科学秘密也没有任何用处。
Weare not really solving problems. Weare just
working
on puzzles. I think most of you have a broader world view than I had at your age. You can do better at this than I did. If you
put
your
hearts
and minds to it, you can surprise the pessimists.
We are eager to see it. (Applause) 。
我们都解决不了世界上的难题。
我们只是在玩智力游戏罢了。
我想，你们中的大多数人比当时的我视野更宽广。
你们会比曾经的我做得更出色。如果你们全身心地投身于此，你们便能震惊那些悲观者。
我们对之迫不及待。
( 掌声) MELINDAGATES:So let your
heart
break.
It will change what
you do with your optimism 。
梅琳达• 盖茨：让你们的心为之而碎。
这会改变你们处理乐观的方式。
On a trip to south Asia, I met a desperately poor Indian
精品文档 23
woman. She had two children and she begged meto take them home with me. And when I begged her for her forgiveness she said, well then, please, just take one of them 。
在去南亚的旅行中， 我遇见了一位贫困潦倒的印度妇女。
育有两子，她后来乞求我让我把这两个孩子带走。
当我祈求她原谅时， 她说， 那好吧，请至少带走一个也可以吧。
On another trip to south Los Angeles, I met with a group of the students from a tough neighborhood. A young girl said to me, do you ever feel like we are the kids" whose parents shirked their responsibilities and we are just the leftovers? These women broke my heart 。
在另一个去洛杉矶南部的旅途中， 我遇见了一群来自贫困社区的学生。一个年轻女孩对我说， 你是不是觉得我们就是那群父母逃避责任，我们只是留守儿童呢 ?这些女性让我心碎。
And they still do. And the empathy intensifies if I admit
to
myself, that could
be me. WhenI
talk with the mothers I meet during my travels, there"s no difference between what we want for our children. The only
difference is
our ability to provide
it to our children 。
而她们现在依然让我心碎。
当我对自己承认， 我也可能会是她们中的一员。
我与旅途中的母亲交流时发现， 我们想给予孩子的没有什么不同。唯一的不同在于我们将其给予孩子的能力。
精品文档 24
So what accounts
for that difference? Bill and I
talk about this with our own kids around the dinner table. Bill worked incredibly hard and he took risks and he made sacrifices for
success. But
there"s another essential ingredient of success, and that is
luck. Absolute and total luck.
Whenwere you born? Who are your parents? Where did you grow up? None of us earn
these things. These things were given to us 。
那么差距何在呢 ?我和比尔曾就此问题与我们的孩子在餐桌上共同讨论。比尔工作非常努力，他冒过风险，为成功做出不少牺牲。但是还有一个成功的重要因素，那便是运气。完完全全的运气。你出生何处?你的父母是谁 ?你在哪里成长 ?没有任何人赚得这些东西，我们只是被赐予了这些东西而已。
So when we strip away all of
our
luck
and our
privilege and we consider where we would be without them, it becomes someone much easier to see someone who is poor and say, that could be me. And that"s empathy.
Empathy tears down barriers and it opens
up whole new frontiers for optimism 。
所以当我们剥去运气和优待，并思考没有他们我们会将如何时， 这个人就更容易看到那些贫困者，并说，这可能就是我。这就是同情心，同情心抹平障碍，为乐观敞开新的大门。
So here is our appeal to you all. As you leave Stanford, take all your genius and your optimism and your empathy, and
精品文档 25
go change the world in ways that will make millions of people
optimistic. You don"t have to
rush. You have careers to launch and debts to pay and spouses to meet and marry. That"s plenty
enough for right now. But in the course of
your lives, perhaps without any plan on your part, you will see suffering that"s going
to
break
your
heart. And when it happens, don"t turn away
from it. That"s the moment that change is born 。
所以这就是我们对你们所有人的呼吁。
在你离开斯坦福校园之后， 带着你的天分，乐观以及同情心，改变这个世界，让数百万人为之乐 观起来。你无须急功近利，你还要开创事业，付清债款，找寻另一半并喜结良缘。现在就这些便足够了，但是在你们的生命之中，可能你们并未计划过，你会目睹那些让你心碎的苦楚。当这些痛苦发生时， 不要掩面离开，在这一刻，改变因此而孕育。
Congratulations and good luck to the class of 2014!
最后，向
2014 届毕业生表示祝贺，并祝你们好运 !